Binkel wheat: Research on genetic traits and nutritional quality

Club wheat, also known as Binkel (Triticum aestivum ssp. compactum), is a traditional variety that was once widely grown in mountainous regions such as the Alps but has largely disappeared from modern agriculture. This report presents the results of field trials conducted at five sites in Austria, Germany, Italy, and France, where over 20 Binkel wheat varieties were tested. By examining yield, grain quality, and disease resistance, the study highlights how Binkel differs from modern wheat—both genetically and nutritionally—and assesses its potential for reintroduction into contemporary farming systems.